Why do we fall ill class 9 notes NCERT BIOLOGY | Biology Best effective notes chapter no.13 | Class 9 CBSE NCERT notes

 Why do we fall ill ?

 

HEALTH

Health is defined as a state of being well so that one can perform physical, social and mental functions properly.

Disease 

Disease is the feeling of discomfort experienced by the person’s body .

Types of disease

1} acute disease: diseases last for only short periods of time.

Eg: common cold; 

2} chronic disease: diseases which last for long duration or sometimes for lifetime they are called as chronic diseases.

Eg : Tuberculosis, elephantiasis etc

Causes of diseases 

Contaminated food and water 

Improper hygine

Genetic differences 

Genetic abnormalities

Malfunctioning of any organ

 

 

Infectious diseases

Diseases caused by infectious agents ; Bacteria; virus;

Or protozoans

Eg : typhoid , cholera etc

Non-Infectious disease 

Diseases which do not cause by infectious agents are called as non-infectious diseases

Eg: cancer

Treatment principles:

1> Medicines 
2> Antihelmenthis like Albandazol for worms
3> Antibiotics : bacteria make a cell wall to protect themselves ,antiobiotics blocks the bacterial process inside the body. Antibiotics don’t work in case of viral diseases/infections.

 

 

diseases

Causing         agent

 

Malaria 

plasmodium

 

dengue

Dengue virus

 

polio

Polio virus

 

tuberculosis

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

 

hepatitis

Hepatitis A,B,C,D virus

 

AIDs 

Hiv virus

 

Measeals

1)Myscovirus

2)rubella virus

 

Sleeping sickness

trypanosoma

 

Kala azar

lieshmania

 

ascariasis

ascalmenthis

 

Filariasis(elephantiasis)

Worm>Wuchereriabroncetti

 

gonorrhoea

Nisseria gonorrhoea

 

 

Immunization : it is a process of making a person immune or resistant to an infectious disease.

Vaccines are the mostly used means to immunize people.

Vaccine is suspension of disease diseasebody gets resistant to that particular disease.

 

Hiv/Aids 

Cause due to virus HIV- Human Immunodeficincy virus

AIDS- Acquired Immunodeficiency syndrome

It destroys the immune system of the patient ,from which the patient gets vulnerable to the easiest of the diseases.

 

So basically this disease is a DEATH WARRANT ,there is no cure till now for this disease. It is a sexual transmitted disease 

Caused by cell to cell contact.

There is no cure but we can stop the multiplication of virus by ARI(ANTI RETROVIRAL Medicines)

To prevent –never sharing of needles , regular health checkups , monitoring blood transfusion etc.

 

Preventive measures for diseases

 

Maintain proper hygienic conditions

Avoid eating and drinking contaminated food and water

Avoid getting in corwded places 

Maintain a balanced diet

Do exercise daily etc

 

 

Some vaccines – for infant

 

Newborn- BCG _ 1st dose

15 days- Polio drops- 1st dose

6th week- DPT and polio 

10th week –DPT and polio 2nd dose

14th week –DPT and polio 3rd dose

 

12 years – MMR


TT – tetnus (between 10 years and 16 years






Author: Vedit Meshram

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